Diabetes is spreading fast and many aspects can be responsible for this. A Lancet study estimated that by 2050, a total of 1.31 billion individuals are likely to be affected by diabetes. If we look at the number of affected individuals in the country, it is alarming as the global numbers. An ICMR study found that presently more than 100 million Indians are suffering from diabetes. Doctors say unhealthy lifestyle and lack of awareness contributes to the prevalence of this disease among the world population which makes it important to find out various symptoms which are connected to it.
Skin, which is the largest organ in the body, can offer indirect but significant clues about diabetes. People with diabetes frequently experience dry, itchy skin due to dehydration resulting from regular urination, a hallmark of the condition. Additionally, the presence of acanthosis nigricans- dark, thickened patches of skin, typically in body fold- will show insulin resistance, often a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, people with diabetes are more prone to fungal infections, which thrive in a high-sugar environment.
Diabetes can exert a deep impact on the eyes. Potentially leading to a condition called diabetic retinopathy. This progressive disorder damages the blood vessels in the retina, impairing vision. Visual disturbances, such as blurred or fluctuating vision, difficulty focusing or sudden changes in eyesight, may signal the onset of diabetics’ retinopathy. Frequent eye tests are important to detect and manage this complication.
Nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor blood circulation are common problems of diabetes, mainly affecting the lower extremities. Diabetic neuropathy can lead to tingling, numbness, or even pain in the leg. Additionally, reduced blood flow increases the risk of diabetic foot ulcers and infections, potentially necessitating amputation if left untreated. To prevent these complications proper foot care and frequent check-ups are essential.
Diabetes stands as the main cause of kidney disease, also known as diabetic nephropathy. This condition gradually impairs kidney function and can finally lead to kidney failure. Signs of kidney involvement may include persistent high blood pressure, swollen ankles and increased frequency of urination. Regular monitoring of kidney function and blood pressure is important to manage this diabetes-related complication.
Neuropathy connected with diabetes can extend beyond the feet and legs, affecting many body parts. Tingling, numbness or burning sensations in the hand, arms, or other areas may show nerve damage due to diabetes. Early detection and proper blood sugar control are vital for preventing the progression of neuropathic complications.
Diabetes can compromise oral health by increasing the risk gum infections or periodontal disease. Symptoms include gum recession, bleeding gums and persistent bad breath. Maintaining good oral hygiene and often dental visits are imperative to avoid dental complications related with diabetes.
The impact of diabetes reaches far beyond blood sugar levels, affecting many parts and systems. Identifying the signs of diabetes-related complications in these areas can allow early intervention and better management of the condition. Frequent medical check-ups, diligent self-care and following medical advice can help people with diabetes and reduce the risk of developing these serious complications.
