Africa (Commonwealth Union) _ Nigeria’s journey toward equitable federalism has taken a bold step with President Bola Tinubu’s decision to decentralize the Nigerian College of Aviation Technology (NCAT) into six geopolitical zones. This landmark move aims to correct historical disparities in the distribution of national institutions while fostering inclusivity and regional balance. It not only signifies a shift in governance but also rekindles hope for a more structured and efficient federal system.
Addressing Nigeria’s long-standing structural imbalances requires more than economic reforms—it demands systemic restructuring. The centralization of institutions like the Nigerian Defence Academy, Police University, and Nigerian Army University has concentrated military and administrative power in select regions. Expanding these institutions across the country would not only promote equity but also strengthen national security and socio-economic growth. The precedent set by unbundling the Nigerian Law School should serve as an inspiration for further decentralization.
Economic reforms alone cannot sustain national progress if structural dysfunctions persist. While the recently introduced Tax Reform Bills are commendable, their true impact can only be realized through complementary political reforms. Tinubu’s policy approach echoes the principles of the 1963 Republican Constitution, which promoted competitive federalism. Back then, Nigeria’s regional economies thrived, with the Eastern Region under Michael Okpara recognized as one of the fastest-growing subnational economies in the British Commonwealth. Unfortunately, the abandonment of this framework in 1966 led to decades of economic mismanagement and overdependence on oil revenue.
A thriving industrial base remains crucial for sustainable development. Without robust foundational industries such as machine tools, petrochemicals, and iron and steel, Nigeria will continue to rely on imported components, as seen with the Dangote Refinery. Had regions developed self-sustaining industries, local economies would have flourished, creating employment opportunities and fostering innovation. Other federal systems, such as those in the U.S., Canada, Brazil, and Australia, have maintained decentralized governance structures without compromising national unity or economic stability.
Nigeria’s current economic limitations underscore the urgency of federal restructuring. The December 2024 FAAC allocation of $2.7 billion remains insufficient for a nation of over 200 million people, especially when compared to Gauteng, South Africa, which operates on a $43 billion budget. For Nigeria to harness its full potential, economic reforms must be interwoven with political restructuring, ensuring long-term sustainability.
Tinubu’s leadership has ignited a crucial conversation on true federalism, and his strategic reforms, if pursued with determination, could redefine Nigeria’s future. The challenge now lies in embracing these changes, fostering consensus, and ensuring that every Nigerian has a stake in the nation’s progress.
