Our everyday lives include solving problems to a great extent. Discover some of the available problem-solving techniques and how to apply them in practical situations. You’ll also learn how to get over roadblocks that are making it more difficult for you to find solutions to your problems.
‘Problem-solving’ in cognitive psychology is the mental process that individuals go through to identify, evaluate, and resolve issues.
When we have an objective we want to accomplish but are unsure of the path to take, we have a difficulty. Stated differently, there is something we wish to happen in our lives, but we are not sure how to get there right now.
The problem-solving process involves:
Discovery of the problem
Deciding to tackle the issue
Seeking to understand the problem more fully
Researching available options or solutions
Taking action to resolve the issue
Problem-Solving Mental Processes
Several mental processes are at work during problem-solving. Among them are:
Perceptually recognizing the problem
Representing the problem in memory
Considering relevant information that applies to the problem
Identifying different aspects of the problem
Labeling and describing the problem
Techniques for Solving Problems
There are numerous approaches to problem solving. When attempting to identify and resolve an issue, you may choose to utilize a combination of these tactics or to use some of them alone.
Algorithms
An algorithm is a methodical process that generates a solution by adhering to specific “rules”. In mathematics, algorithms are frequently employed to resolve division and multiplication problems. However, they can also be applied in other fields.
Algorithms in psychology can be used to determine who is more likely to experience mental health problems. According to study, for example, we may be able to identify youngsters who are more likely to commit suicide or injure themselves by using specific algorithms.
Heuristics
Heuristics are short cuts that people can apply to get the job done quickly. By using these “rule of thumb” methods, you can simplify difficult issues and narrow down the pool of potential answers to a more manageable quantity.
For instance, if you’re stuck in traffic, you might think of several options rapidly and choose one to go forward. When you’re looking to buy a new car, you may recall a time in the past when you negotiated a better deal and use the similar strategies.
Attempt and Error
When solving a problem, a trial-and-error method entails attempting several possible solutions and eliminating those that don’t work. Try on each shirt before choosing which to buy, for example, if you’re not sure whether to buy one in green or blue.
Use of this tactic may be beneficial in situations where the pool of potential answers is small. However, it can be useful to use another problem-solving strategy to help narrow down the possible solutions if there are a lot of options before undertaking trial and error.
Understanding
Sometimes a problem’s solution comes to you in an epiphany. Suddenly, while you are struggling with a problem in your profession or relationship, the answer dawns on you and you know exactly what to do.
When the situation at hand is comparable to one you’ve already resolved, insight may dawn. However, since the fundamental mental processes that result in insight frequently take place outside of conscious awareness, you might not realize what is happening.
How to Apply Problem-Solving Strategies in Real Life
If you’re having trouble solving a problem, you can try implementing one or more of these strategies. How to Apply Them in Real Life
Make a flow diagram. If you have the time, you can benefit from the algorithmic approach to problem-solving by sitting down and creating a flowchart that shows each possible solution, along with its implications and the following steps.
Recall your previous interactions. In situations where a solution must be found quickly, heuristics may be a better approach. Think back to a time when you handled a similar circumstance, then use your knowledge and experience to determine the best course of action.
Try out some possible fixes now. If you have few possibilities, begin experimenting with each one to determine which will help you reach your objective the most effectively. Proceed to the next solution if the current one doesn’t work.
Take some time alone. Since insight is often achieved when you’re alone, carve out time to be by yourself for a while. The answer to your problem may come to you, seemingly out of the blue, if you spend some time away from others.
How to Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills
Ultimately, it’s useful to keep in mind that improving your problem-solving skills is a process if that’s your aim. Thus, you can find your solution by using the following strategies to enhance your problem-solving abilities:
Acknowledge the presence of an issue. There are always indications when you are dealing with an issue. For example, experiencing excessive anxiety or despair, mood swings, and changes in eating or sleeping habits are all possible signs of a mental disorder. Realizing that there is a problem can be aided by identifying these indicators.
Choose to address the issue. Decide consciously to address the current problem. Make a promise to yourself that you will take the required actions to locate a solution.
Try to comprehend the problem in its entirety. Examine your issue objectively and from all angles. If your issue is tied to a relationship, consider how the other person might be understanding it. You may also think about how your behavior may be aggravating the circumstance.
Examine your alternatives. Look into possible solutions using the previously outlined problem-solving techniques. Make a list of choices and give each one careful thought. What are the benefits and drawbacks of using the accessible routes? How would you go about bringing them about?
Do something. Decide on the best course of action and move on. One of the things needed to bring about change is action. So, take the necessary steps to fix the problem.
Try another choice if necessary. Don’t give up if the solution you choose doesn’t work. Try a different approach or simply go through the problem-solving procedure once more.
